Bibliographical references in endnotes, footnotes and bibliographies vary according to language, academic traditions, journals and publishers. On this page, we present the rules that apply in the various languages in which essays and texts may be published on the VCP platforms.
For English-language texts and essays, the following guidelines apply throughout the VCP platform. The standard for bibliogaphical references on the VCP platform is the Chicago Manual of Style. Please make sure to abide with these guidelines to maintain the homogeneity of the platform.
For French-language texts and essays: TBA on a separate page
For Chinese-language texts and essays: TBA on a separate page
For Vietnamese-language texts and essays: TBA on a separate page
Use pinyin without tone/diacritical marks, except the following which use the Wade-Giles system: Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Yat-sen, Taipei, etc.; names of people living outside mainland China. Give Chinese characters on first occurrence. Romanised words should be written in italics.
Use the modified Hepburn system. Kanji and kana should be given on first occurrence. Romanised words should be written in italics. Suffixes should be hyphenated: machi-zukuri. Japanese personal names should follow the Japanese system, with family name first. Circumflexes should be used in place of macrons where required, except in very common place names: Tokyo, Osaka, Kyoto, Kobe, Hokkaido. Note: Nihonbashi, not Nihombashi; Jun’ichi, not Junichi.
Use endnotes and footnotes only. Numbers of notes in the text should come after a punctuation mark, preferably at the end of the sentence.
Italics, quotation marks, punctuation, etc. are all spelled out for the various items within each bibliographical reference. Please follow these standard rules. For further details, please refer to the Chicago Manual of Style.
Author [First name, Name], Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher, year).
Example:
Ka-che, Yip, Health and national reconstruction in Nationalist China: The development of modern health services, 1928-1937 (Ann Arbor: Association for Asian Studies, 1995).
Author [Name and First name in original order in transliteration] Original script, Transliterated title of book Original title script (Translation of title) (Place of publication: Publisher, year).
Example: An, Keqiang 安克强, Shanghai jinü: 19-20 shiji zhongguo de maiyin yu xing 上海妓女：19－20世紀中國的賣淫業與性 (Belles de Shanghai. Prostitution et sexualité en Chine aux 19e-20e siècles) (Shanghai: Guji chubanshe, 2004).
Author of chapter [First name, Name], 'Chapter title', in Author [First name, Name] (ed.), Book Title (Place of publication: Publisher of book, date), p. x.
Author of chapter [Name and First name in original order in transliteration], 'Transliterated title of chapter' Original title script (Translation of chapter title), in Author [First name, Name] (ed.), Transliterated title of book Original title script (Translation of title) (Place of publication: Publisher of book, date), pp. x.
Author of article [First name, Name], 'Title of article', Journal Title, Vol. x, No. x (year), p. x.
Author of article [Name and First name in original order in transliteration], 'Transliterated title of article' Original title script (Translation of title), Transliterated title of journal Original title script, Vol. x, No. x (year), p. x.
Authors' names should be given on first citation as they appear on the title page of the publication.
Use shortened titles as follows:
[English] Author , Shortened Title, p. x.
[Non-English] Author, Shortened title in original, p. x.
[English] Author [Name], “Shortened titleâ€, p. x.
[Non-English] Author [Name], Shortened title in original, p. x.
Only give as much of the author's name as is necessary. Do not use ibid.
References in the bibliography: the same rules apply, except for the order of [name, first name]. For obvious reasons, authors should be listed by alphabetical order of their name (surname or family name). Therefore, the format in the bibliography will follow this order:
Author [Name, First name,], Title of Book (Place of publication: Publisher of book, year) The same applies to book chapters, journal articles, dissertations, etc.